Metal plates deflected blows, while the divided skirt made it possible for soldiers to fight more effectively on horseback. Samurai armor was brilliantly responsive to a fighter’s need for both protection and freedom of movement. Many armorers went unrecognized, but those employed by wealthy clans, or heads of important workshops, signed their work. They brought equal attention to the elaborate decoration that created a harmonious and instantly recognizable status symbol for its owner. At every step, they made choices about materials and how to fashion and assemble the many elements that make up one suit. Specialized artisans-metalsmiths, leather and lacquer workers, weavers, and embroiderers-labored for months to create all the different components. Iron, lacquer, gold and copper alloy ( shakudō ), gold, silver, copper, bronze, silk, and leatherĪ full suit of armor was a huge investment, and samurai who could afford it went to great expense to obtain a striking and distinctly personal ensemble. 1530 (helmet) early to mid-Edo period, seventeenth –eighteenth century (mask) Signed by Hōrai Kunichika (helmet) signed by Myōchin Muneaki (mask) The shogun and daimyo, who comprised the governing military nobility, were also “samurai,” as the term came to denote skilled, educated, and refined warriors. They were subordinate to their individual daimyo, who oversaw many Japanese provinces. Theirs was a culture of fearsome contradictions: expert archers and swordsmen, they were also poets and scholars who were schooled in literature and the arts. The samurai lived by a code that valued honor, loyalty, bravery, and willingness to die. During the era of the shogunate, power resided not at the imperial court but with the supreme military commander, the shogun. Starting in the late twelfth century, when powerful families seized control, the warrior class known as samurai (“those who serve”) alternately fought for power or enforced peace. Iron, gold and copper alloy ( shakudō ), gold, silver, lacing, fur, silk, lacquer, leather, bronze, and woodįor seven centuries, the samurai ruled Japan. Four customs fees and local taxes please inquire at your local national custom office.Nanbokuchō period, 1333–1392 (helmet) mid-Edo period, eighteenth century (suit) DHL large volumes Air traced 5-10 day deliveryĪll items purchased will be shipped with invoice attached reporting value and shipping fee, customs fees will apply according to each country rules. Yupaku Japan Post 48H delivery (Japan only) JP Post Air Small Pack Registered 10 15 day delivery Fedex, DHL, EMS express traced 2-5 day delivery On checkout you will be given the following shipping options: If you need your item urgently, or by a specific date, please contact us, we can arrange express shipping getting your item in time with Fedex or DHL express traced service. We reserve the right to change the postage service based on your area and courier limitations. Item purchased after this time, or on the weekend or Japanese public holiday are shipped the next working day. Items that are purchased and paid for prior to 1pm JP time, Monday to Friday are shipped the same working day.
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For example, cross the finish line first 10,000 times, and you’ll gain the coveted Throne decal. Rewards include exclusive decals and customization items to let other racers know who’s the king of kart racing. There are currently various licenses, each with progressively tougher challenges and even larger rewards. License mode is full of racing challenges and minigames that teach you boost timings and help you refine your technique by playing side missions. For players looking for even more content, the Premium Racing Pass gives you access to even more daily and weekly challenges and additional customization items and rewards. Each requires slightly different skills to be successful, but the variety of races keep things fresh. Lobbies allow up to 8 racers to go free-for-all or battle 4v4. Several modes also allow you to play solo, with a friend in a duo, or as part of a squad where the goal isn’t necessarily to cross the finish line first, but rather helping anyone on your team to be the first across the line to help the entire team win. Other game modes include: License Mode, Time Attack, and Custom Race, where you can create or join a custom race event. Launch missiles or barricades at opponents as you fight to win in Item Mode or take part in a more traditional booster-fueled race to the finish line in Speed Mode. There are five game modes to choose from in KartRider: Drift. With the anime art style, colorful visuals, and attention to small details on each character’s outfit, Nexon has given players options to express themselves. Karts include modern-looking racing karts, fire engines, mining karts, futuristic hover cars, and more! You can edit colors and decals (more on that later) and make your character your own. KartRider: Drift’s customization is comprehensive, offering over 20 characters initially, each with multiple looks and outfits. Learning the controls, when to drift, how to use items, and everything you need to know to start your race towards becoming a track legend. When you launch, you’ll be greeted by a small android named Joy to help you through the basics. Controls are beginner-friendly but have a variety of options to adapt to different players. The online game has cross-platform progression and play giving you the ability to challenge your friends regardless of your chosen platform. KartRider: Drift is a free-to-play, multiplayer kart racing game complete with traditional racing via Speed Mode, kart battling in Item Mode, and a few other surprises. Here’s a list of six things you need to know before getting in the driver’s seat. This means racers from all over the world can experience the cross-platform, cross-play kart racing thrills against players on PC, mobile platforms and consoles. Season 1 is finally here, and players can dive in for free on PlayStation and Xbox consoles, mobile (iOS and Android), Steam, and the Nexon Launcher. KartRider: Drift, the newest game in the KartRider franchise, has taken inspiration from past titles and leveled up with new game modes, more customization, and upgraded visuals courtesy of Unreal Engine 4. Its characters, gadgets, game modes, and approachable gameplay have made the multiplayer kart racing a hit over the last 19 years. Its popularity grew, amassing over 380 million players on PC alone. It gained a huge following, with an official league starting a year later in 2005. The base game itself will set you back $39.99, while the deluxe edition runs a cool $59.99 and includes the Season 1 Pass, the Classics Bundle with some retro outfits, and 3 DLC packs to be released later.After launching in 2004, Nexon’s KartRider series became an immediate hit in Asia. Launch comes complete with 2 different editions available for purchase. Think Evolve, Friday the 13th: The Game, or Dead By Daylight and you have the idea behind this asymmetric game. Group up with a few other survivors (player controlled) to survive the night and accomplish tasks while killing deadites and a fearsome player-controlled Kandarian Demon. Evil Dead can also be played via NVIDIA's GeForce Now cloud gaming service. Grab your boomstick and slap that chainsaw onto your arm, it's time to take out some deadites! Evil Dead: The Game has launched for the PC (via the Epic Games Store), PlayStation 4/5, Xbox Seires X/S, and the XBox One. To celebrate the launch of these special edition products, six Shell stations – Shell Hougang, Shell Siglap, Shell Paya Lebar Macpherson, Shell Bukit Nature Park, Shell Havelock and Shell Tampines Avenue 2 – will sell all four Pokémon dehumidifier plushie designs to its first 60 customers from Sep 2 to 3. All plushies will be on sale from 10am on the respective release dates. The Pikachu and Snorlax dehumidifier plushies will be available for purchase on Sep 1, while Eevee will be released on Oct 1 and Charizard on Nov 1. The Eevee, Snorlax and Charizard designs can be bought after purchasing any Shell fuels, while the Pikachu design can only be purchased after spending at least $70 on Shell V-Power. For every plushie purchased, customers will also be gifted a Pokémon Trading Card Game Fun Pack and half playmat. PHOTO CREDITS: SHELL SINGAPOREĮach plushie can be purchased at $18.90 with either a minimum purchase of $70 on Shell fuels or $15 on Shell Select Store items. The dehumidifier plushies can last up to a year, whereafter they can be kept as a collective item or be safely recycled. To desorb and regenerate the dehumidifier plushies, they should either be heated up, baked, or placed somewhere with sun exposure. In collaboration with oil and gas company Shell, Pokémon is releasing special edition dehumidifier plushies of popular characters Pikachu, Eevee, Snorlax and Charizard from Sep 1.Įach dehumidifier plushie is filled with nano-mineral crystals that help absorb moisture and prevent fungal growth indoors, while also ensuring that its surroundings smell clean and fresh. Pokémon trainers unite! Four fan favourite Pokémon will make their way to Shell stations islandwide for you to catch em’ all! 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Things you should know before ordering a ring Based on this measurement, shown in the first column of the table, find the corresponding size.Measure how many millimeters is the straight line from one side of the ring to the other (the inside only).Take one of your rings that already fits you.How do i measure the inside diameter of the ring? Control of black Sigatoka is primarily through the extensive application of fungicides, which are estimated to account for 25–30% of the cost of production. The disease also causes premature fruit ripening, which is problematic for banana export companies, since bananas may over-ripen in transit. fijiensis leads to necrotic streaking on leaves and loss of photosynthetic capacity. It has become one of the most important diseases of banana world-wide, causing up to 50% yield loss. Black Sigatoka was first described in Fiji in 1963, and since then it has spread to most banana-growing regions around the world, including Latin America, Asia, Africa, and throughout the Pacific. Mycosphaerella fijiensis is the causal agent of black Sigatoka, also known as black leaf streak disease of banana and plantain. This funding does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Ĭompeting interests: Partial funding for this project was obtained from Dole Food Company to support a graduate assistantship. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files, and the raw RNA-Seq data will be available upon acceptance at NCBI accession SRP075820.įunding: This work was funded by a gift from Dole Food Company to MED and by graduate fellowships from the National Science Foundation and National Institutes of Health to RDN. Received: ApAccepted: JPublished: July 7, 2016Ĭopyright: © 2016 Noar, Daub. PLoS ONE 11(7):Įditor: Minou Nowrousian, Ruhr-University Bochum, GERMANY Three other clusters, however were strongly upregulated during disease development in banana, suggesting that they may encode polyketides important in pathogenicity.Ĭitation: Noar RD, Daub ME (2016) Bioinformatics Prediction of Polyketide Synthase Gene Clusters from Mycosphaerella fijiensis. RT-PCR and RNA-Seq analysis showed that the melanin PKS cluster was down-regulated in infected banana as compared to growth in culture. fijiensis PKS sequences, but three others were not found in either species. eumusae, showed that these two species have close homologs to five of the M. fijiensis PKS sequences with those of two other banana pathogens, M. One of the PKS sequences was not similar (< 60% similarity) to sequences in any of the 103 genomes, suggesting that it encodes a unique compound. A search for homologs among available genomic sequences from 103 Dothideomycetes identified close homologs (>80% similarity) for six of the PKS sequences. None of the other clusters were closely aligned with genes encoding known polyketides, however three of the PKS genes fell into clades with clusters encoding alternapyrone, fumonisin, and solanapyrone produced by Alternaria and Fusarium species. Phylogenetic analysis identified a putative PKS cluster encoding melanin biosynthesis. Gene clusters contained types of genes frequently found in PKS clusters including genes encoding transporters, oxidoreductases, methyltransferases, and non-ribosomal peptide synthases. Analysis of the PKS domains identified three of the PKS enzymes as non-reducing and two as highly reducing. fijiensis into the 23rd percentile for the number of PKS genes compared to other Dothideomycetes. Eight PKS gene clusters were identified in the M. fijiensis genome sequence to predict PKS genes and their gene clusters and make bioinformatics predictions about the types of compounds produced by these clusters. Mycosphaerella fijiensis, causal agent of black Sigatoka disease of banana, is a Dothideomycete fungus closely related to fungi that produce polyketides important for plant pathogenicity. Pac-Land in particular is considered an influential game from a historical standpoint, being one of the first side-scrolling platformer games. Namco also produced several arcade sequels of their own these include Super Pac-Man, Pac & Pal, Pac-Land, and Pac-Mania. Pac-Man) were transferred over to Namco in 1987. The legal rights for the Midway-created sequels (including Ms. Towards the later 1980s, however, Midway's licensing contract with Namco expired with Namco forming a proper U.S. Pac-Man, Baby Pac-Man, and Professor Pac-Man, among others. Pac-Man's groundbreaking success, Midway created several more Pac-Man titles these included Jr. Pac-Man became an even bigger hit than the original in North America, outselling it by several thousand machines.įollowing Ms. Pac-Man, which starred his wife and featured a larger challenge than the previous game. Each title starred a newly-created member of Pac-Man's family. distributor, Bally Midway, made several of their own sequels to Pac-Man. To date, Pac-Man is still the highest-grossing arcade game of all time worldwide.Īfter the huge success of the first Pac-Man game, the game's U.S. The popularity of Pac-Man in America led to a bigger marketing push for the game in Japan, leading to it becoming a big hit in its home region as well. However, his debut in America proved widely successful, becoming the most popular video game at the time of its release. Pac-Man had moderate success when the arcade game was initially released in Japan it was not heavily advertised or well-known, and lagged behind games such as Space Invaders and Galaxian in popularity. This strategy worked, and Pac-Man attracted both male and female audiences. Toru Iwatani has stated that while developing Puckman, he wanted to create a game that could appeal to women, as most (if not all) arcade games at the time did not. By the time it was released in the U.S., the name was altered to the intended Pac-Man name, although this was actually changed due to fear of machine vandalism (changing "P" in "Puck" into an "F"). In the game, the player navigates Pac-Man through a maze to eat all of the dots, while avoiding Ghosts.Īs previously stated, the game was called Puckman in English, despite being closer to Pac-Man in Japanese text. The original Puckman arcade game was released in Japan on May 22, 1980. As to if Namco's Pac-Man was truly coincidental compared to Tomy's Pac-Man remains unclear and Iwatani's origin claims cannot be completely disproven. However, Iwatani himself has stated this claim to be a "half-truth" with the proper inspiration for Pac-Man being the Japanese kanji for "mouth" (口). According to more commonly cited reports, Pac-Man was based on a pizza with the first quarter of it cut out, which inspired Toru Iwatani to create the character. Namco, to this day, seems to intentionally not mention the existence of the toy line. After the arcade game's release, Tomy seemed to have worked out a roughly decade-exclusive licensing deal with Namco this would imply some form of agreement was met between the two, in exchange for Namco acquiring the full Pac-Man character/trademark rights. Some inspiration was seemingly drawn from the toy line (although the gameplay premise itself was unique), and the actual Japanese katakana (パックマン "Pakkuman") was identical, despite the English reading "Puck" instead of "Pac". The arcade game, originally called Puckman in Japan, was created by Namco employee Toru Iwatani. The three Pac-Man toys released in the 1970s Subsequent toys include a board game and a water game, both of which were released overseas as "Mr. The first of these was a toy bank, in which Pac-Man (also referred to as "Je Je" on some models) would munch down coins by flipping them into his mouth via a lever. Pac-Man's first appearance was not in the original arcade game unknown to many, the series originated as a line of toys by Tomy in 1974, six years prior to the game. Pac-Man's origin is a confusing mystery, with multiple unique claims that contradict each other, neither of which can be 100% proven true or false. |
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